Son las instituciones

Publicado en La Estrella, 04.11.2017

Son las instituciones

Autor: Jorge Gomez

Decía Karl Popper que lo importante en la política no es quienes gobiernan sino que instituciones nos protegen de potenciales malos gobiernos. En ese sentido, qué tipo de instituciones rigen una sociedad es clave en su prosperidad, tal como lo han intentado demostrar Daron Acemoglu y James Robinson en ¿Por qué fracasan los países?.

Actualmente, sin embargo, parece valorarse más la supremacía del personalismo por sobre los arreglos institucionales. Esto va en contra de los elementos que permitieron el surgimiento de sociedades abiertas marcadas por la libertad política y la prosperidad económica, sobre todo en Occidente.

El auge del populismo sería un claro indicio de este deterioro. Y es que las instituciones pueden degenerar, tal como plantea el historiador Niall Ferguson, quien es el invitado principal del quinto aniversario de Fundación para el Progreso, a celebrarse en noviembre.

En el caso de Chile, nuestros debates políticos vuelven a estar marcados por el claro predominio del personalismo.

Poca atención se coloca al rol de las instituciones, como el estado de derecho, el derecho de propiedad o la ética del trabajo.

Por el contrario, se las desprecia promoviendo medidas en su contra, de manera totalmente irresponsable, a través de legislaciones absurdas y reformas radicales, cuyos resultados terminan siendo desastrosos.

Las opiniones expresadas en esta publicación son de exclusiva responsabilidad del autor y no necesariamente representan las de Fundación para el Progreso, ni las de su Directorio, Senior Fellows u otros miembros.

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